Lapho ukhetha izinto zokwakha, zokukhiqiza, noma amaphrojekthi we-DIY, i-aluminium nensimbi engenasici kuyizinsimbi ezithandwa kakhulu. Kepha yini ngempela ukubabeka ngokwabo? Noma ngabe unjiniyela, i-hobbyist, noma efuna ukwazi, ukuqonda ukungaboni ngaso linye kungakusiza wenze izinqumo ezinolwazi. Kule bhulogi, sizophula izakhiwo zazo, izinhlelo, izindleko, kanye nokuxhaswa ngokwengeziwe yimithombo yochwepheshe - ukukusiza ukhethe izinto ezifanele ngezidingo zakho.
1. Ukwakheka: Kwenziwani?
Umehluko oyisisekelo phakathi kwe-aluminium kanye nensimbi engagqwali ekwakhiweni kwabo.
AluminiyamuIngabe insimbi engasindi elula, emhlophe-emhlophe etholakala ku-crust yomhlaba. I-aluminium emsulwa ithambile, ngakho-ke kuvame ukwenziwa ngezinto ezifana ne-Copper, i-magnesium, noma i-silicon ukuze uthuthukise amandla. Isibonelo, kusetshenziswe kabanzi i-aluminium alloy esetshenziswa kabanzi i-magnesium ne-silicon.
Insimbi engagqwaliIngabe i-alloy esekwe kwinsimbi equkethe okungenani i-chromium engu-10,5%, eyakha isendlalelo se-oxide soxide ukumelana nokugqwala. Amamaki ajwayelekile afana nensimbi engama-304 engenasici afaka ne-nickel nekhabhoni.
2. Amandla nokuqina
Izidingo zamandla ziyahlukahluka ngohlelo lokusebenza, ngakho-ke ake siqhathanise izakhiwo zazo zemishini.
Insimbi engagqwali:
Insimbi engenasici iqine kakhulu kune-aluminium, ikakhulukazi ezindaweni eziphakeme kakhulu. Isibonelo, i-grade 304 insimbi engagqwali inamandla ashubile e- ~ 505 MPA, iqhathaniswa ne-6061 000 ye-aluminium ~ 310 MPA.
I-Aluminium:
Ngenkathi iqinile ngevolumu, i-aluminium inesilinganiso esingcono sokuqina. Lokhu kwenza kube kulungele izingxenye ze-aerospace (njengezimbotshana zezindiza) kanye nezimboni zokuhamba lapho kunciphisa khona isisindo esibucayi.
Ngakho-ke, insimbi engagqwali iqinile, kepha ama-aluminium ama-exlels lapho amakhono angasindi.
3. Ukumelana nokugqwala
Zombili izinsimbi zimelana nokugqwala, kepha izindlela zazo ziyehluka.
Insimbi engagqwali:
I-Chromium ngensimbi engenasici ihlakaniphile nge-oksijini ukuze wakhe ungqimba oluvikelekile lwe-chromium onide ongide. Lolu hal-wesendlali lokuzilapha luvimbela ukugqwala, noma ngabe kuklanywe. Amabanga afana nama-316 ensimbi angeze i-molybdenum ngokumelana okwengeziwe kumanzi anosawoti namakhemikhali.
Aluminiyamu:
I-Aluminium ngokwemvelo yakha ungqimba oluncane lwe-oxide, luvikele kwi-oxidation. Kodwa-ke, kuthambekele ekugcekeni kwe-galvanic lapho kubhangqiwe nezinsimbi ezingafani ezindaweni ezinomswakama. Ukufaka ama-anodizing noma izimbobo kungathuthukisa ukumelana kwayo.
Ngakho-ke, insimbi engagqwali inikezela ukumelana nokugqwala okuqinile ngokwengeziwe, ngenkathi i-aluminium idinga ukwelashwa okuvikelayo ezimeni ezinzima.
4. Isisindo: I-aluminium iwina izinhlelo zokusebenza ezingasindi
Ubuningi be-Aluminium bungama-2,7 g / cm³, ngaphansi kwengxenye yesithathu yensimbi engu-8 g / cm³,okuyinto engasindi kakhulu.
·Izindiza nezimoto
·Ama-elekthronikhi aphathekayo (isib., Laptops)
·Izimpahla zabathengi ezifana namabhayisekili namagiya wokumisa amatende
Ukwehliswa kwensimbi engagqwali kuyinzuzo ekusebenzeni kwezicelo ezidinga ukuqina, njengokusebenza kwezimboni noma ukusekelwa kwezakhiwo.
I-5. Ukusebenza okushisayo nogesi
Ukuvuselelwa okushisayo:
I-Aluminium yenza ukushisa kwe-3x kangcono kunensimbi engenacala, okwenza kube kuhle ngokushisa okushisayo, i-cookware, nezinhlelo ze-HVAC.
Ukusebenza kukagesi:
I-Aluminium isetshenziswa kabanzi emigqeni yamandla kanye ne-wiring kagesi ngenxa yokuvuka kwayo okuphezulu (ama-61% ama-Copper's). Insimbi engenasici ngumqhubi ompofu futhi akuvamile ukusetshenziswa ezinhlelweni zikagesi.
6. Ukuqhathanisa izindleko
I-Aluminium:
Imvamisa eshibhile kunensimbi engenasici, ngamanani aguquguqukayo asuselwa kwizindleko zamandla (ukukhiqizwa kwe-aluminium kugxile kakhulu). Kusukela ngo-2023, izindleko ze-aluminium ~ $ 2,500 ngethani ngalinye le-metric.
Insimbi engagqwali:
Kuyabiza kakhulu ngenxa yezinto ezenziwayo ezifana ne-chromium ne-nickel. Izilinganiso zensimbi ezingama-304 ezingenasici ~ $ 3,000 ngethani ngalinye le-metric.
Ithiphu:Kumaphrojekthi anobungane kakhulu lapho kunesisindo khona, khetha i-aluminium. Ukuphila isikhathi eside ezindaweni ezinokhahlo, insimbi engagqwali ingacacisa izindleko eziphakeme.
7. Ukusebenziseka kanye nokwakheka
I-Aluminium:
Softer futhi kulula ukusika, ukugoba, noma ukukhiphe. Ilungele ukwakheka okuyinkimbinkimbi kanye nokuphakanyiswa okusheshayo. Kodwa-ke, kungakhuphuka amathuluzi ngenxa yephuzu lawo eliphansi eliphansi.
Insimbi engagqwali:
Kunzima emshinini, edinga amathuluzi akhethekile nesivinini esihamba kancane. Kodwa-ke, ibambe ukwakheka okuqondile futhi iqede kahle, ihambisa amadivaysi ezokwelapha noma imininingwane yokwakha.
Ngokufaka i-welding, insimbi engagqwali idinga i-inert gas saked (tig / mig), ngenkathi i-aluminium ifuna ukuphatha ukugwema ukudonsa.
8. Izicelo ezijwayelekile
I-Aluminium isebenzisa:
·I-Aerospace (izindiza ze-fuselages)
·Ukupakishwa (amathini, i-foil)
·Ukwakha (ozimele bewindows, ukuphahla)
·Ezokuhamba (Izimoto, Imikhumbi)
Ukusetshenziswa kwensimbi engenasici:
·Izinsimbi Zokwelashwa
·Izinto zasekhishini (ukucwila, ukusika)
·Amathangi acubungula amakhemikhali
·I-Marine Hardware (ukufakwa kwesikebhe)
9. Ukusimama kanye nokuphinda usebenzise kabusha
Zombili izinsimbi zisebenza kabusha nge-100%:
·I-Aluminium Recycling igcina ama-95% wamandla adingekayo ukukhiqizwa okuyisisekelo.
Isiphetho: Yikuphi okufanele ukhethe?
Khetha i-aluminium uma:
·Udinga izinto ezingasindi, ezisebenzayo.
·Ukusebenza okushisayo / kagesi kubalulekile.
·Le phrojekthi ayihileli ukucindezela okukhulu noma izindawo ezilimazayo.
Khetha insimbi engagqwali uma:
·Ukumelana nokuqina kokugqwala kuyizinto eziza kuqala phambili.
·Isicelo sifaka amazinga okushisa aphezulu noma amakhemikhali anokhahlo.
·Isikhalazo sobuhle (isib., Ukuqeda okubunjiwe) izindaba.
Isikhathi sePosi: Feb-25-2025
