I-Aluminium ingenye yezinsimbi ezisetshenziswa kabanzi emhlabeni jikelele, ezazisekele ezingasindi, ukuqina, kanye nokuguquguquka kwezindlela ezihlukahlukene. Kepha umbuzo ojwayelekile uphikelela: ungagqwala i-aluminium? Impendulo ilele kwizakhiwo zayo ezihlukile zamakhemikhali kanye nokuxhumana nemvelo. Kulesi sihloko, sizohlola ukumelana nokugqwayiza kuka-Alumininum, izinganekwane ezimbi, futhi zinikeze ukuqonda okusebenzayo ukuze kugcinwe ubuqotho bayo.
Ukuqonda ukugqwala kanye ne-aluminium oxidation
Ukugqwala kuyindlela ethile yokugqwala okuthinta i-iron nensimbi lapho kuvezwa umoya-mpilo namanzi. Kubangela ungqimba olubomvu olunsundu, olunosawoti ongenza buthaka insimbi. I-Aluminium, nokho, ayigwinyi - is oxidizes.
Lapho i-aluminium ihlangana ne-oksijini, yakha isendlalelo esincanyana, esivikela i-aluminium oxide (Al₂o₃). Ngokungafani nokugqwala, le ungqimba oxide ayiminyene, engeyona eye-porous, futhi ihlanganiswe ngokuqinile ebusweni bensimbi.Isebenza njengesithiyo, ivimbela ezinye i-oxidation kanye nokugqwala. Le ndlela yokuvikela imvelo yenza i-aluminium imelana kakhulu nokugqwala.
Kungani i-aluminium oxidize ehlukile kunensimbi
Isakhiwo se-1.oxide ungqimba:
·I-Iron Oxide (ukugqwala) kungu-porous futhi i-brittle, ukuvumela amanzi nomoya-mpilo ukungena ekujuleni kwensimbi.
· I-Aluminium oxide icwebezela futhi inamathela, ibopha ubuso.
2.ReActivition:
·I-Aluminium iyasebenza kakhulu kune-iron kepha yakha ungqimba oluvikelayo olumisa ukusabela okwengeziwe.
·I-Iron ayinalo le ndawo yokuzipholisa, okuholela ekugugeni okuqhubekayo.
Izici ze-3.IRirolal:
·I-Aluminium iphikisana nokugqwala ezindaweni ezingathathi hlangothi ne-acidic kodwa ingahle iqhubeke ne-alkalis eqinile.
Lapho i-aluminium ilungisa
Ngenkathi i-aluminium inokulwa nokuphikiswa, izimo ezithile zingavumelanisa ungqimba lwayo lwe-oxide:
I-1.High umswakama:
Ukuchayeka isikhathi eside kumswakama kungadala amadiphozithi wokuphamba noma omhlophe we-powdery (aluminium oxide).
Izindawo ezingama-2.Amalty:
I-Chloride ion kumanzi anosawoti asheshisa i-oxidation, ikakhulukazi kumasethine wasolwandle.
Ukuvezwa kwe-3.Chemical:
Ama-acid aqinile (isib., I-hydrochloric acid) noma i-alkalis (isib., Sodium hydroxide) usabela nge-aluminium.
Ukulimala kwe-4.Fyysical:
Imihuzuko noma ukugqashuma Susa ungqimba lwe-oxide, kudalula insimbi entsha kuya oxidation.
Izinganekwane ezijwayelekile mayelana nokugqwala kwe-aluminium
Inkolelo-ze 1:I-Aluminium ayihlali.
Iqiniso:I-Aluminium oxidizes kodwa ayigqwali. I-Oxidation iyinqubo yemvelo, hhayi ukuwohloka kwesakhiwo.
Inkolelo-ze 2:I-Aluminium ibuthakathaka kunensimbi.
Inkolelo-ze 3:I-Alloys ivimbela i-oxidation.
Iqiniso: I-Alloys ithuthukisa izakhiwo njengamandla kepha ungasusi i-oxidation ngokuphelele.
Ukusetshenziswa kwe-Real-World of Aluminium's Corrolusion Ukumelana
·I-Aerospace: Imizimba yezindiza isebenzisa i-aluminium yokungasindi futhi ukumelana nokugqwala komkhathi.
·Ukwakhiwa: Ukuphahla kophahla lwe-aluminium nokuhambisana nesimo sezulu esinzima.
·Izithuthi: izingxenye zenjini namafreyimu zizuza ngokumelana nokugqwala.
·Ukupakisha: I-Aluminium Foil namathini Vikela ukudla kwi-oxidation.
Ama-FAQ mayelana nokugqwala kwe-aluminium
Q1: Ngabe ukugqwala kwe-aluminium emanzini anosawoti?
A:Yebo, kepha kungama-oxidizes kancane. Ukuhlanza okujwayelekile nokumboza kunganciphisa ukulimala.
Q2: Ngabe i-aluminium ihlala isikhathi esingakanani?
A: Amashumi eminyaka uma igcinwa kahle, ngenxa yesendlalelo sayo sokuziphilisa.
Q3: Ngabe ukugqwala kwe-aluminium kukhonkolo?
A: Ukhonkolo we-alkaline ungasabela nge-aluminium, edinga ukugqokwa okuvikelayo.
Ukugcina
I-Aluminium ayigqwali, kepha i-oxidizes ukwakha ungqimba oluvikelayo. Ukuqonda indlela yokuziphatha kwayo nokuthatha izindlela zokuvimbela kuqinisekisa isikhathi eside kuzicelo ezahlukahlukene. Noma ngabe ukusetshenziswa kwezimboni noma imikhiqizo yasendlini, ukumelana nokugqwala kwe-aluminium kwenza kube ukukhetha okuthembekile.
Isikhathi sePosi: Mar-12-2025
